Malawi’s food security is under threat as soil degradation continues to reduce crop yields, despite significant investment in fertilizers, experts warn.

Agricultural specialists note that the country’s soils are rapidly losing fertility due to erosion and limited use of organic inputs, leaving smallholder farmers struggling to produce enough food.

“This has led to reduced yields even when farmers apply inorganic fertilizers,” said William Chadza, Executive Director of the Mwapata Institute.

He emphasized the need for a combined approach using both organic and inorganic fertilizers to restore soil productivity.

In response, the government has launched a US$163 million Fertiliser and Soil Health Action Plan, set to run until 2035.

The initiative aims to rebuild soil fertility, improve crop yields, and strengthen food security across the country.

Unveiling the plan in Lilongwe, Minister of Agriculture Sam Kawale stressed that restoring soil health is critical, as agriculture remains the backbone of Malawi’s economy.

“The successful implementation of this plan will ensure sustainable production, improved livelihoods for farmers, and stronger economic growth,” Kawale said.

Developed in collaboration with researchers, civil society, and farmer organizations, the action plan is expected to support smallholder farmers, reduce hunger, and enhance resilience against climate-related shocks.